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Abanomi, W M (2005) Environmental design of prototype school buildings in hot, arid regions with special reference to Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.

Akhimien, N (2022) A framework for incorporating circular economy in the design of energy efficient residential buildings in Nigeria, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.

Algarni, S K (2022) Machine learning for improved detection and segmentation of building boundary, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.

Alhamami, A (2021) Standardized qualification framework for achieving energy efficiency training for BIM, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.

Alhumayani, H (2022) The feasibility of 3D printing technology as a new construction method for houses in Saudi Arabia, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.

Alreshidi, E (2015) Towards facilitating team collaboration during construction project via the development of cloud-based BIM governance solution, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Cardiff School of Engineering, Cardiff University.

Alyami, S (2015) The development of sustainable assessment method for Saudi Arabia built environment, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.

Barker, R (2006) Waste assessment and application of improvement techniques in UK private housebuilding supply chains, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University.

Boje, C P (2018) Knowledge representation, storage and retrieval for BIM supported building evacuation design, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.

Cemesova, A (2013) Enhancing BIM-based data transfer to support the design of low energy buildings, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.

Chen, K (2015) A strategic decision making framework for organisational BIM implementation, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.

Forman, T (2015) Practice, policy and professional roles: unintended consequences and performance gaps in UK domestic solid wall insulation retrofit projects, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.

Goonetillake, J F (2019) A framework for the integration of information requirements within infrastructure digital construction, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.

Gosling, J (2011) Flexibility strategies for engineer-to-order construction supply chains, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Business School, Cardiff University.

Gupta, A (2013) Developing a BIM-based methodology to support renewable energy assessment of buildings, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.

Hashemi, A (2009) Construction technology transfer: an assessment of the relevance of modern methods of construction to housing shortages in Iran, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.

Hatem, W A H (2012) Comparing the effectiveness of face to face and computer mediated collaboration in design, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.

Hou, S (2015) An ontology-based holistic approach for multi-objective sustainable structural design, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.

Hussein, E S (2010) Green architecture as an approach for increasing energy efficiency in Egyptian buildings, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.

Kasim, T (2015) BIM-based smart compliance checking to enhance environmental sustainability, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.

Khudhair, A (2022) Knowledge-based automatic OpenBIM data exchanging framework supporting holistic building design, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.

Lai, J H (2005) Economic, management and contractual considerations in outsourcing operation and maintenance work for commercial buildings, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.

  • Type: Thesis
  • Keywords: commercial building; contract; interview; maintenance; operation; outsourcing; questionnaire survey
  • ISBN/ISSN:
  • URL: http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54253/
  • Abstract:
    Operation and maintenance (O&M) work, which is influential to the performance of a building and its economic value, has received little attention. Outsourcing for O&M works from contractors who specialize in the works can be more economical than performing the works in-house and can lead to better performance. Since the economic downturn in the late 90s in Hong Kong, building owners have increasingly outsourced O&M work, but the purpose has been primarily to cut cost, with up-keeping building performance left as an afterthought. Guidelines available from the open literature on making outsourcing decisions are not tailored for building O&M work. The aim of this study is to help building owners make decisions on whether to outsource for O&M works by providing them with guidance on the critical considerations and good practices that should be taken to ensure value for money, and to avoid potential negative impacts on the performance of their buildings. The study focused on commercial buildings in Hong Kong. The empirical data was collected via a self-administered questionnaire survey in the first stage of the study. It has revealed that disputes are frequently found with O&M contracts where contractual responsibilities are vaguely defined by using common contract terms such as “fair wear and tear” and “vandalism”. In probing the key management, contractual and economic issues of outsourced O&M works, face-to-face interviews with practitioners in the second stage have revealed that O&M works are generally undertaken by a mix of in-house and outsourced resources, with the latter undertaking those requiring intensive labour resources or compliance with statutory requirements. Managing contractors are often employed to mediate various trades of O&M work, but bundling O&M contracts across building boundary, which in principle should be more economical, is not practiced in private commercial buildings. While effective communication among the in-house and outsourced O&M teams is generally regarded as highly important, sharing of O&M productivity information among the stakeholders remains limited.

Ley, J D (2004) An environmental and material flow analysis of the UK steel construction sector, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.

Li, Q (2009) Energy efficiency design of residential buildings in North China cities, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.

Lin, K-Y (2013) Investigating reducing building energy use at urban scale in Taipei, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.

Lloyd, E (2022) Aesthetic value in the built environment, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.

Maby, C M (2019) Enabling the integration of energy improvements into mainstream home repair, maintenance and improvement practice in the UK, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.

Mukhtar, N A (1997) Housing policy in Libya: study of public housing projects in Tripoli City, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of City and Regional Planning, Cardiff University.

Pahwa, J S (2009) MDSSF: a federated architecture for product procurement, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Computer Science & Informatics, Cardiff University.

Pooley, A C (2016) Typologies of transformation: learning, environmental responsibility and the UK construction industry, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.

Sassi, P (2009) Closed loop material cycle construction: defining and assessing closed loop material cycle construction as a component of a comprehensive approach to sustainable material design in the context of sustainable building, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.

Schoenwitz, M (2014) Aligning product and processes to customer needs in prefabricated house building, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Business School, Cardiff University.

Thomas, R H (2013) An innovative timber construction system: building affordable housing using homegrown Welsh softwood, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University.

Uniacke, H (2001) Design of a low cost ventilated photovoltaic cladding, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , Cardiff University (United Kingdom).

Wang, B (2014) End user oriented BIM enabled multi-functional virtual environment supporting building emergency planning and evacuation, Unpublished PhD Thesis, School of Engineering, Cardiff University.

Zhang, X (2018) Sustainable retrofitting of existing residential buildings at community scale in China, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University.